Which situation typically exemplifies a third-party claim?

A third-party claim is characterized by a situation where an individual seeks compensation for damages or injuries from someone other than their own insurance company. In this context, the claim typically arises when a person is injured by the actions of someone else.

The scenario involving a pedestrian injured by a car perfectly exemplifies a third-party claim. Here, the pedestrian is not the driver of the vehicle and is seeking compensation for their injuries. They would file a claim against the car owner's insurance or the driver's insurance, depending on the circumstances surrounding the accident. This highlights the fundamental principle of a third-party claim, where the injured party seeks redress from a different party's insurance coverage.

In contrast, the other scenarios present first-party claims—where individuals attempt to seek coverage through their own insurance or from someone closely related to them, which typically complicates the third-party nature of the claims involved.